Sweden is investing heavily in printed textbooks. Sweden rapidly expanded the use of digital devices in schools around 2010. Results from the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment showed sharp declines in reading and mathematics scores between 2018 and 2022. At Bandhagen school in Stockholm, fourth-grade students read aloud from printed materials after spending part of the lesson reading books of their choice. A student named Emilia, who is in her teens, said: 'When I read on devices, I usually get a headache.' A student named Emilia, who is in her teens, said: 'I can concentrate better when I read physical books.' According to nation.com.pk, Sweden is promoting a renewed focus on physical books, paper, and pens in classrooms. According to english.kyodonews.net, a government-commissioned review by neuroscientists and pediatric experts concluded that heavy reliance on digital devices could impair attention and concentration, and that printed materials may be more effective for learning. According to nation.com.pk, at a high school in Nacka just outside Stockholm, final-year students are unpacking laptops from rucksacks and tote bags, alongside items they say they used less frequently a few years ago. According to nation.com.pk, a teacher at a high school in Nacka has started printing all the texts that students use during the lesson. According to nation.com.pk, a digital learning platform in maths lessons has been swapped out for textbook-only teaching. According to nation.com.pk, a student named Sophie, 18, said: 'I now go home from school with new books and papers often.' Sweden had long positioned itself as one of Europe’s most digitally progressive educational systems, according to the-european.eu. Sweden has spent years integrating digital learning tools into classrooms, including in some nursery and preschool settings, according to the-european.eu. Sweden’s reputation as one of Europe’s most tech-savvy societies is due to high levels of digital skills and a thriving tech start-up scene, according to nation.com.pk. Doubling down on analogue tools has drawn criticism from tech companies, educators and computer scientists, according to nation.com.pk. Critics argue that Sweden’s shift to analogue tools could impact pupils’ employment prospects, according to nation.com.pk. Critics argue that Sweden’s shift to analogue tools could damage the Nordic nation’s economy, according to nation.com.pk.