India recorded a dry June, receiving 39.8% less rain than normal, marking the fifth‑lowest June rainfall since records began in 1901, according to bluesky. The monsoon has historically shaped the rhythm of life across the subcontinent, guiding sowing seasons, replenishing rivers, cooling cities and sustaining a large agrarian economy, as reported by indiawaterportal.org.

According to indiawaterportal.org, the certainty of monsoon rains is beginning to disappear. A growing body of scientific evidence suggests the monsoon is becoming increasingly unstable, with delayed onset, erratic progression, false starts, prolonged dry spells and sudden bursts of extreme rainfall emerging as defining features of India's changing climate. Systems of farming, water storage, food production and public planning evolved around the expectation that rains would arrive with a certain degree of predictability, indiawaterportal.org reported.

The monsoon changes affect crop cycles, groundwater recharge, hydropower generation, urban flooding, food prices and the livelihoods of millions, indiawaterportal.org reported.